CanadaChapitres
A land of vast distances and rich natural resources, Canada became a self-governing dominion in 1867 while retaining ties to the British crown. Economically and technologically, the nation has developed in parallel with the US, its neighbor to the south across the World's longest unfortified border. Canada faces the political challenges of meeting public demands for quality improvements in health care, education, social services, and economic competitiveness, as well as responding to the particular concerns of predominantly francophone Quebec. Canada also aims to develop its diverse energy resources while maintaining its commitment to the environment.
Source: The CIA World Factbook - Canada
Indicateurs clés
- Surface
- 9,984,670 km2
- Population
- 37,943,231 (July 2021 est.)
- Type de gouvernement
- federal parliamentary democracy (Parliament of Canada) under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm; federal and state authorities and responsibilities regulated in constitution
- Langues
- English (official) 58.7%, French (official) 22%, Punjabi 1.4%, Italian 1.3%, Spanish 1.3%, German 1.3%, Cantonese 1.2%, Tagalog 1.2%, Arabic 1.1%, other 10.5% (2011 est.)
- PIB
- $1.643 trillion (2020 est.)
- Taux de croissance
- -5.4% (2020 est.)
- HDI
- 16
- Capitale
- Ottawa
Indicateurs macroéconomiques
Slower growth since the second half of 2017 is projected to give way to growth of over 2% from mid-2018. The uplift will be export-led, reflecting gradual restoration of oil pipeline capacity and strong US growth. Business investment is projected to strengthen to ease tightening capacity constraints. Unemployment should decline further to record lows.
The Bank of Canada is projected to gradually withdraw monetary stimulus, and the inflation rate is set to remain slightly above 2%. Further rate increases will be required to meet the Bank’s (medium-term) inflation target. Fiscal policy is also projected to tighten somewhat, creating room to support the economy during the next downturn and reducing the extent to which interest rates need to rise. Macro-prudential policy has been gradually tightened, and there are signs that housing markets are stabilising. Nevertheless, further adjustments may prove necessary should the balance of risks change. Government funding for childcare should be increased further in a fiscally neutral way to raise female employment, reduce the gender earnings gap and make growth more inclusive.
Source: OECD - Economic Forecast
IMF Statistics:
| Subject descriptor | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change |
1.879 |
1.545 |
1.761 |
1.756 |
1.719 |
|
Gross domestic product, current prices Percent change (Billions) |
1,712.479 |
1,730.914 |
1,812.460 |
1,910.944 |
2,013.453 |
|
Gross domestic product per capita, current prices Percent change (Units) |
46,290.217 |
46,212.842 |
47,931.460 |
50,066.620 |
52,269.463 |
|
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change |
2.243 |
2.013 |
2.027 |
2.004 |
2.149 |
|
Volume of imports of goods and services Percent change |
2.886 |
0.742 |
1.692 |
2.513 |
2.339 |
|
Volume of exports of goods and services Percent change |
3.210 |
3.053 |
2.982 |
1.876 |
1.107 |
|
Unemployment rate Percent change |
5.825 |
5.794 |
5.999 |
6.115 |
6.251 |
|
Current account balance Percent change (Billions) |
-45.162 |
-32.477 |
-30.187 |
-32.241 |
-33.284 |
|
Current account balance Percent change |
-2.637 |
-1.876 |
-1.666 |
-1.687 |
-1.653 |
Estimates
Source: IMF Statistics - Canada
Le Luxembourg et le pays
Existing conventions and agreements
Non double taxation agreement
In order to promote international economic and financial relations in the interest of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Luxembourg government negotiates bilateral agreements for the avoidance of double taxation and prevent fiscal evasion with respect to Taxes on Income and on fortune with third countries.
- Convention from 01.17.1989 (Memorial 1991, A, p.465)
- Effective as of 07.08.1991 (Memorial 1991, A, p.1368)
- Convention from 10.9.1999 (Memorial 2000, A No.89, p.2078)
- Effective as of 1.01.2001 (Memorial 2000, A No.89, p.2078)
- Amendment of the Convention from 08.05.2012 (Memorial 2013, p.1698)
- Effective as of 01.01.2014 (Memorial 2013, p.1698)
Air Services agreement
- Agreement from 06.23.2003
- Effective as of 23.06.2003
Informations supplémentaires
Foreign Trade
The Statec Foreign Trade statistics provide information on the trade of goods - by product and by country. This information is collected respectively through the INTRASTAT declaration and on the basis of customs documents.
You can see the statistics on the website of the Statec.
Contact points in Canada
Embassy of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in Canada
Ambassador with residence in Washington: Mr Gaston STRONCK
2200 Massachusetts Avenue N. W.
Washington, D.C. 20008
United States of America
Tel.: (+1-202) 265-4171 / 72
Fax: (+1-202) 328-8270
E-Mail: washington.amb@mae.etat.lu
Honorary consuls
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Quebec:
Mr Michel DESCHAMPS
McCarthy Tétrault LLP
Bureau 2500
1000, rue De La Gauchetière Ouest
QC H3B 0A2 Montréal
Canada
Tel.: (+1) 514 397 4138
E-Mail: montreal@consul-hon.lu
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over the Capital Region:
Mr Paul WILLOX
251 Laurier Avenue West, Suite 900
K1P 5J6 Ottawa, Ontario
Canada
Tel.: (+1) (613) 751-4472
Mobile: (+1) (613) 816-1955
E-Mail: ottawa@consul-hon.lu
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Ontario:
Ms Shauneen Elizabeth BRUDER
1318 Cleaver Drive
Oakville
L6J 1W4 Toronto, Ontario
Canada
Tel.: (+1) (416) 809 1016
E-Mail: toronto@consul-hon.lu
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over the Province of British Columbia:
Mr Ron BOZZER
Hungerford Tomyn Lawrenson and Nils.
Barristers & Solicitors
1100 Cathedral Place
925 West Georgia Street
V6C 3L2 Vancouver
Canada
Tel.: (+1) 604 408 5616
E-Mail: vancouver@consul-hon.lu
Source: Ministry of Foreign affairs of Luxembourg
Country risk as defined by Office du Ducroire for Canada
Ducroire is the only credit insurer covering open account deals in over 200 countries. A rating on a scale from 1 to 7 shows the intensity of the political risk. Category 1 comprises countries with the lowest political risk and category 7 countries with the highest. Macroeconomics experts also assess the repayment climate for all buyers in a country.
Link: Office du Ducroire - Country Risk Canada
Additional information on Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver and Calgary.
Toronto
- Canada's financial and business capital
- GDP of $260 billion
- 6 million regional inhabitants
- Largest natural resources stock exchange in the world
- 82 companies with over $1 billion in annual revenues
- Over 196,000 businesses
- $70 billion in goods and services exported annually
- Workforce of 3.2 million
- Well-educated and culturally-diverse population
Sector strengths: Financial services, Technology, Life Sciences, Clean-Tech and Renewable Energy
Montreal
- Surface area of 4,000km2
- GDP of $161 billion
- 4 million regional inhabitants
- Lowest operating costs in North America
- Largest intermodal port in Eastern Canada
- Most direct access to the North American and European markets
- Top university city in Canada
- Over 40,000 university graduates each year
- 11 academic institutions, including four general-education universities (two French and two English)
- 54% of the population is bilingual (French and English)
- 60 international organizations
- 2,000 subsidiaries of foreign companies
Sector strengths: ICT, Aeropsace, Life sciences and Health Technology, Cleantech.
Vancouver
- GDP of $110 billion
- 2,3 million regional inhabitants
- Competitive tax regime
- Closest major port to Asia
- Some of the lowest energy rates in North America
Sector strengths: CleanTech, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Digital entertainment and Interactve, Social Enterprise
Calgary
- GDP of $97 billion
- 1,2 regional inhabitants
- Highest personal income
- Fastest growing labour force and lowest unemployment rate in Canada
- Sector strenghts: Energy, Manufacturing, Technology, Financial services sector
Of special interest: Plan Nord Quebec
Twenty-five years seem like a lifetime away, but the Quebec government's Plan Nord could result in a huge transformation of Northern Quebec in what's, in reality, a relatively short amount of time, given its ambitious objectives.
The numbers are nothing short of impressive. The Quebec Government projects Plan Nord to lead to over $80 billion in investments, $47 billion towards renewable energy and $33 billion for investments in the mining sector and public infrastructure such as roads, rail and airports. It will also create or consolidate about 20,000 jobs per year over a 25-year period. In its recently released plan, the government says it hopes the initative will be to the coming decades what the development of La Manicouagan and James Bay were to the 1960-70s.
The mining industry could play a huge part in this investment. The 1.2 million km area the plan covers is a wealth of untapped opportunities that could surely captivate the interests of domestic and global mining companies. This territory produces all of Quebec's nickel, zinc and iron ore, to name a few. There are already at least 11 new projects that could be launched in the coming years in the territory the Plan Nord covers.
Other useful links
- CIA World factbook on Canada
- Canada-Belgium-Luxembourg Chamber of Commerce
- Doing Business in Canada-The World Bank Group
- Montreal International
- Invest Toronto
- The Canadian Trade Commission Service
- Vanouver Economic Mission
- Calgary Regional Partnership
- Port of Montreal
- Plan Nord Quebec
- Canada sur le site de l'AWEX
- Invest-export.brussels