Japan, an archipelago in East Asia, seamlessly fuses ancient traditions with cutting-edge modernity, creating a captivating tapestry of culture and innovation. Renowned for its cherry blossoms, historic temples, and tea ceremonies, Japan boasts a rich cultural heritage that dates back centuries. The country's rapid technological advancements and economic prowess, epitomized by companies like Toyota and Sony, have positioned it as a global leader in innovation.

Tokyo, the bustling capital, is a dynamic metropolis where neon-lit skyscrapers coexist with serene Shinto shrines. Japan's culinary scene is equally diverse, offering a delectable array of sushi, ramen, and traditional kaiseki cuisine. With a strong sense of harmony, respect for nature, and a deep appreciation for craftsmanship, Japan captivates visitors with its unique blend of tradition and progress.
 



Vos conseillers auprès de la Chambre de Commerce

Na Shi

Contactez-nous: japan@cc.lu


Indicateurs clés

Surface
377,915 km2
Population
126 million (2022)
Type de gouvernement
Parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Langues
Japanese
PIB
$5.862 trillion (2022 est.)
Taux de croissance
-1.6% (2022 est.)
HDI
19
Capitale
Tokyo

Indicateurs macroéconomiques

The economy of Japan is a highly developed social market economy, often referred to as an East Asian model. It is the 4th-largest economy in the world by nominal GDP behind the United States, China, and Germany and the 4th-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP), its per capita GDP was at $52,120 (2023). 

Due to a volatile currency exchange rate, Japan's GDP as measured in dollars fluctuates sharply. The Japanese economy is forecast by the Quarterly Tankan survey of business sentiment conducted by the Bank of Japan.

The Nikkei 225 presents the monthly report of top blue-chip equities on the Japan Exchange Group, which is the world's fifth-largest stock exchange by market capitalisation.

In 2018, Japan was the world's fourth-largest importer and the fourth-largest exporter. It has the world's second-largest foreign-exchange reserves, worth $1.4 trillion. It ranks 5th on the Global Competitiveness Report. It ranks first in the world in the Economic Complexity Index. Japan is also the world's fourth-largest consumer market. 

Japan is the world's second-largest automobile manufacturing country. It is often ranked among the world's most innovative countries, leading several measures of global patent filings. Facing increasing competition from China and South Korea, manufacturing in Japan currently focuses primarily on high-tech and precision goods, such as integrated circuits, hybrid vehicles, and robotics.  

Besides the Kantō region, the Kansai region, where the World Expo 2025 will be held, is one of the leading industrial clusters and manufacturing centers for the Japanese economy.  

Japan is the world's largest creditor nation. Japan generally runs an annual trade surplus and has a considerable net international investment surplus. Japan has the third-largest financial assets in the world, valued at $12 trillion, or 8.6% of the global GDP total as of 2020. As of 2022, 47 of the Fortune Global 500 companies are based in Japan. The country is the third largest in the world by total wealth.

As of 2021, Japan has significantly higher levels of public debt than any other developed nation at approximately 260% of GDP. 45% of this debt is held by the Bank of Japan. The Japanese economy faces considerable challenges posed by an aging and declining population, which peaked at 128 million in 2010 and has fallen to 125.5 million as of 2022. Projections show the population will continue to fall, potentially to below 100 million by the middle of the 21st century. 

Source: OECD - Economic Forecast

IMF Statistics:

Subject descriptor 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Gross domestic product, constant prices

Percent change

0.814

0.891

0.466

0.453

0.522

Gross domestic product, current prices

Percent change

(Billions)

4,971.767

5,154.475

5,413.054

5,592.333

5,796.033

Gross domestic product per capita, current prices

Percent change

(Units)

39,303.958

40,846.777

43,043.422

44,637.427

46,453.574

Inflation, average consumer prices

Percent change

0.979

0.985

1.303

0.662

1.198

Volume of imports of goods and services

Percent change

3.295

-0.848

1.257

2.294

2.544

Volume of exports of goods and services

Percent change

3.395

-1.649

0.288

1.529

2.743

Unemployment rate

Percent change

2.442

2.433

2.433

2.433

2.433

Current account balance

Percent change

(Billions)

175.260

172.113

180.460

187.070

198.817

Current account balance

Percent change

3.525

3.339

3.334

3.345

3.430

Estimates

Source: IMF Statistics


Le Luxembourg et le pays

Existing conventions and agreements

Non double taxation agreement

In order to promote international economic and financial relations in the interest of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Luxembourg government negotiates bilateral agreements for the avoidance of double taxation and prevent fiscal evasion with respect to Taxes on Income and on fortune with third countries.

  • Convention from 05.03.1992 (Memorial 1992, A No.88, p.2523)
  • Effective as of 01.01.1993 (Memorial 1992, A No.88, p.2523)
  • Amendment of the Convention from 25.01.2010 (Memorial 2011, A No.146, p.2025)
  • Effective as of 30.12.2011 (Memorial 2011, A No.146, p.2025)

Luxembourg Chamber of Commerce and national innovation agency Luxinnovation signed memorandums of cooperation with Japan External Trade Organisation.

Air Services agreement

None

Source: Administration des contributions directes


Informations supplémentaires

Foreign Trade

The Statec Foreign Trade statistics provide information on the trade of goods - by product and by country. This information is collected respectively through the INTRASTAT declaration and on the basis of customs documents.

You can see the statistics on the website of the Statec.

Contact points in Japan

Embassy of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in Japan

Ambassador with residence in Tokyo: Mr Pierre FERRING

Luxembourg House 1F
8-9 Chiyoda-Ku Yonbancho
Tokyo 102-0081
Japan

Tel.: (+81) 3 32 65 96 21
Fax: (+81) 3 32 65 96 24
E-Mail: tokyo.amb@mae.etat.lu
Website: http://tokyo.mae.lu
 

Honorary Consuls

Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over the Prefectures of Osaka, Mie, Nara, Wakayama, Shiga, Kyoto, and Hyogo: 

Mr Shigehiko HATTORI

c/o Shimadzu Corporation
1, Nishinokyo, Kuwabana-cho
Nakagyo-ku
604-8511 Kyoto
Japan

Tel.: (+81) 75 823 1000

Honorary Consul General with jurisdiction over Tokyo:

Mr Hajime SAWABE

TDK Corporation
3-9-1 Shibaura,
Minatu-Ku
108-0023 Tokyo
Japan

Tel.: (+81) 3 52 01-7111
E-Mail: ytabuchi@jp.tdk.com 
 

Luxembourg Trade and Investment Office in Japan

Ms Yuriko MATSUNO

Luxembourg House 1F 
8-9 Yonbancho Chiyoda-ku 
Tokyo 102-0081
Japan

Tel.: (+81) (0) 3 3265 9621
E-Mail: tiotokyo@mae.etat.lu

Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs Luxembourg
 

Country risk as defined by Office du Ducroire for Japan

Ducroire is the only credit insurer covering open account deals in over 200 countries. A rating on a scale from 1 to 7 shows the intensity of the political risk. Category 1 comprises countries with the lowest political risk and category 7 countries with the highest. Macroeconomics experts also assess the repayment climate for all buyers in a country.

Link: Ducroire Office - Country Risk for Japan

Other useful links


La Chambre de Commerce et le pays